Working papers
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ILO Working paper 81
Key workers in Malaysia during the pandemic
17 October 2022
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Malaysian government prioritized health and economic stimulus packages for the sectors considered “key” for the economy and gave little recognition to the workers making contributions to the functioning of daily lives.
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ILO Working paper 80
Realizing the opportunities of the platform economy through freedom of association and collective bargaining
30 September 2022
This study provides empirical evidence from different regions of the world to identify avenues for platform economy workers to access freedom of association and collective bargaining.
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ILO Working paper 79
COVID-19 Among Migrant Farmworkers in Canada: Employment Strain in a Transnational Context
20 September 2022
This study analyzes the conditions that migrant farmworkers in Canada endured prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2020-March 2022).
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ILO Working paper 78
Labour market policies for inclusiveness: A literature review with a gap analysis
07 September 2022
This paper reviews the role of specific fiscal spending and transfer programmes in shaping labour market dynamics by disentangling different macroeconomic and microeconomic mechanisms.
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ILO Working paper 77
The effects of COVID-19 on businesses: key versus non-key firms
30 August 2022
This paper analyzes how a specific differentiation by governments throughout the world – whether a sector was deemed “essential” or “key” – affected firm performance.
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ILO Working paper 76
The role of tripartite social dialogue in facilitating a just transition: Experiences from selected countries
30 August 2022
This Working Paper analyses the role of tripartite social dialogue in supporting green workplaces and, more generally, promoting just transitions at enterprise level.
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ILO Working paper 75
Using Online Vacancy and Job Applicants’ Data to Study Skills Dynamics
18 August 2022
This paper finds that big data on vacancies and applications to an online job board can be a promising data source for studying skills dynamics, especially in countries where alternative sources are scarce. To show this, we develop a skills taxonomy, assess the characteristics of such online data, and employ natural language processing and machine-learning techniques. The empirical implementation uses data from the Uruguayan job board BuscoJobs, but can be replicated with similar data from other countries.
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ILO Working Paper 74
Collective bargaining in seven European countries throughout the pandemic
23 August 2022
This Working Paper investigates developments in social dialogue and collective bargaining during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in a selection of European countries.
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ILO working paper 73
Social dialogue in the Public Services in South Asia
17 August 2022
A comparative overview of the laws, institutions and practices in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka
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ILO Working paper 72
Why should we integrate income and employment support? A conceptual and empirical investigation
18 July 2022
This paper conceptualizes, for the first time, the implementation of policy approaches that integrate active labour market policies within income support schemes, focusing on low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We develop a conceptual framework to understand how integrated policies can address labour market challenges, exploring the theoretical effects they exert on selected labour market and social dimensions. We compare this to the empirical literature, which does not always find that policies are effective. To reconcile this discrepancy, we investigate the design and implementation of integrated approaches across LMIC and identify factors which contribute to their effectiveness.